class: middle center # ~ how to use Terminal App <BR>(aka the command line) ~ --- class: center middle ## The 4 most commonly used commands: --- class: middle ## `cd` = `c`hange `d`irectory The `cd` command is what you use to move around your computer on the command line: ```shell $ cd /Users/mark/Documents/ ``` or more concisely ```shell $ cd ~/Documents/ ``` *the tilde (~) is a shortcut for the home directory e.g. `/Users/<user>`* --- class: middle ## `ls` = `l`ist files The `ls` command shows you all the files that are in the current directory you are in. ```shell $ ls assets hii.jpg index.html test.html ``` --- class: middle ## `mkdir` = `m`ake `dir`ectory The `mkdir` command creates a new folder ```shell $ mkdir test $ ls assets hii.jpg index.html test.html test ``` --- class: middle ## `rm` = `r`emove The `rm` command removes or deletes files. ```shell $ rm test.html $ ls assets hii.jpg index.html test ``` **note:** unlike moving things to the trash, when you `rm` something it is **immediately deleted permantely!** --- class: middle ## There are a lot more commands you can use, but these 4 should get us started : ) --- class: center middle ## ~ how to use git ~ --- class: middle ### About git Git is a `version control system`— but don't worry about what that might mean for now! All you need to know is that git helps you keep track of the changes you make to code, see the history of changes you've made, and collaborate with others in a structured way. --- class: middle ### [github.com](https://github.com) Github is a place where you can host your projects. Git and github use the term `repositories` to refer to the folder that contains your code. It has social aspects, and is where the vast majority of `open source` code is stored. Let's: + create an account at github.com + download and install git: https://git-scm.com/download/mac ??? explain open source<BR> Go to github and create accounts~ --- class: middle ### The `clone` command The first command we can use with our newly created repository on github.com.. ```shell $ git clone <repository url> ``` The clone command is an initial command you use when getting a new repository, like the one we just created. --- class: middle ## The `status` command The `status` command is kind of similar to the `ls` command, except it only shows you files that git hasn't seen before or that have changed since git last saw them: ```shell $ git status ``` ??? Open code editor, crate a new file, and then run git status --- class: middle ## The `add` command The `add` command tells git to add the files that you specify to your git project. Git will then know to look for those files in the future, and see if there are any changes to them. ```shell $ git add index.html ``` ??? discuss how added files are only staged --- class: middle ## The `commit` command The `commit` command saves the files that you've added — or the changes to files that you've added previously — to the repository. ```shell $ git commit -m"Add index.html" ``` **note:** the `-m"<message>"` command is important to include, this is the `commit` message, that will help you understand in the future what the files or changes you're saving are. It's important to always specify a message, even if it's simple: `-m"Fixed a bug"` --- class: middle ## The `push` command This command sends the work we've done locally to the hosted repository on github.com. This is an important step to both back up your work, and allow for others to use your code. ```shell $ git push ``` --- class: middle ## The `diff` command The diff command shows you what changes you've made if any to the files that are tracked by git. ```shell $ git diff ``` If you've made a lot of changes, it can be helpful to look at them one at a time by using `status` and `diff` together: ```shell $ git status ``` to see what files have changed, and then: ```shell $ git diff index.html ``` --- class: middle ## The `log` command The `log` command shows the the history — or all the times you've used `commit` — within your project. ```shell $ git log ```